During coagulation/flocculation, chemicals (flocculants) are added to the water with the aim of removing small suspended particles that normally cannot be captured directly by settling, flotation or sand filtration. Coagulation is the process whereby chemicals (such as ferric chloride) are added to reduce the repulsion between the suspended (colloidal) particles, causing them to clump together. This requires intensive mixing, the right chemicals and a (short) retention time. The particles  that form during coagulation are small and can only grow further by means of gentle stirring so that particles can further clump together. The clumping of these microparticles is called flocculation. Flocculation requires gentle mixing and a longer retention time. To improve the flocculation process, flocculation aids such as polyelectrolytes (PE), are dosed. The coagulation/flocculation process takes place in tanks where extensive attention must be paid to the correct (proportions) of chemicals, pH, mixing energy and retention time. Coagulation and flocculation can also occur in pipe flocculators.

Logisticon supplies both separate and combined dosing systems. The composite physical chemical containers developed by Logisticon are ideal for A to Z physical chemical pre-treatment for all types of water treatment technologies